Hasta Mudra (hand)
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Hasta Mudras are hand/finger gestures designed to balance the energy flow within the body. The 5 fingers represent the 5 elements within the body - fire, air, sky, earth and water. Any imbalance within the 5 cause illness and dis-ease. The many ways fingers touch each other in a mudra help in the following ways:
Benefits
- restoring energy balance to heal the body, mind and spirit
- therapy for specific illness
- spiritual development
- instilling peace of mind
- enhances personality development
- clears energy blockages
Characteristics of Mudras
- Mudras aid in spiritual development, peace of mind, disease, and personality development.
- When done for therapy, some mudras need to be done for 45 minutes regularly until an ailment is gone.
- Mudras can be combined with a mantra, performed with asanas, pranayama and meditation.
- Mudras are usually done in a comfortable seated position preferably in lotus (padmasana), sit-bones centered, spine vertically aligned.
- Mudras are done either at shoulder level or with hands on top of the knees/lap.
- With the exception of the Gyani Mudra, mudras are often neglected in meditation classes in favor of bandhas, mantras and the breath.
- Some mudras are only done during meditation asanas.
- Mudras done with the left hand affect the right body and vice-versa.
- Fingers don't need to be pressed against each other. Having them lightly touch each other is optimum and produces great results.
TYPES OF MUDRAS
Gyana
Gyana Mudra (aka Gyan, Chin, Jnana)
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Finger Position: thumb and index finger touch (concentrate on this point), 3 other fingers are together and straight
Hand Level: shoulder or on lap
Activated Elements: fire and air (combustible)
Benefits: memory retention, increased comprehension and concentration, gaining wisdom
Chakra Affected: Muladhara to Ajna (root to third eye)
Affected Body Part: pituitary and pineal glands, brain
Mantra: Om
Notes: can be done anywhere, anytime, by anybody
Akash
Akash Mudra
Related link: Vishuddhi chakra (Akash element)
Finger Position: thumb and middle finger touch (concentrate on this point), 3 other fingers are straightened, then relaxed
Hand Level: shoulder level with bent elbows
Activated Elements: fire and sky (ether)
Benefits: expands consciousness, connects with the universe at large, enhances communication skill (throat chakra)
Siddhi: levitation, radiance, crowd gathers around you for counsel, healing and awakening
Chakra Affected: Vishuddhi chakra (throat chakra)
Affected Body Part: throat
Mantra: HAM (seed mantra for Vishuddhi chakra)
*** Akash Mudra is a heart opener so it helps in making decisions not based solely on logic (brain) but also on compassion and harmony.
Prithvi
Prithvi Mudra (aka Pruthvi)
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Finger Position: thumb and ring finger touch (concentrate on this point), 3 other fingers are together, straightened, then relaxed
Bandha: Mula bandha
Chakra: Muladhara chakra
Elements: earth and fire
Benefits: enhances the physical health of the body, improves personality, helps gain weight (stop when weight has been gained), allows forgive and tolerance
Affected Body Part: entire physical body
Mantra: LAM (Muladhara for body hardness)
Notes: Prithvi mudra is a collective of Muladhara chakra, Mula Bandha, earth element, LAM mantra. They can all be combined in doing asana, pranayama and chanting
Varun
Varun Mudra
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Finger Position: thumb and little finger touch (concentrate on this point), 3 other fingers are together, straightened, then relaxed
Chakra: Svadisthana chakra
Affected Body Part: sexual organs, sacrum (1st and 2nd sacral vertebrae)
Mantra: VAM
Hand Level: shoulder
Activated Elements: fire and water
Benefits: water retention, improving skin conditions, detoxification, retaining youth, blood disorders and Gastroenteritis
Anjali
Anjali Mudra
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Finger Position: palms together with a hollow by the palm center, placed by the heart center with thumbs lightly touching the sternum
Hand Level: heart center
Activated Chakra: Anahata chakra
Activated Elements: all elements - anjali brings union as the five elements converge
Benefits: 'centering pose' that creates balance and stillness before a practice. Anjali establishes connection between right and left hemipheres of the brain. It also bridges the chasm between yourself and the outside world
Affected Body Part: heart
Notes: awareness that the seat of consciousness resides in the heart, and not in the brain
Prana
Prana Mudra (aka Pran)
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Finger Position: thumb, little finger and ring finger touch (concentrate on this point), 2 other fingers are together, straightened, then relaxed
Hand Level: shoulder
Activated Elements: fire, water and earth
Benefits: life giver and life enhancer, energizes mind and body and puts it to balance
Dosage: up to 45 minutes
Notes: should only be practised by the virtuous
Surya Pradarshini
Surya Pradarshini Mudra (aka Surya Pradarshani)
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Finger Position: 4 fingers of the 2 hands are interlaced and the thumbs form a cross (concentrate on this area)
Hand Level: shoulder
Benefits: strained, tired eyes are given its glow again. Eyesight improves.
Affected Body Part: eyes
Done with: Trataka Kriya and Sambhavi Mudra
Dosage: 20 minutes
Matangi
Matangi Mudra
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Hand Position: fingers are interlaced at shoulder level, with 2 middle fingers straight and pressed against each other
Hand Level: shoulder level
Activated Elements: fire
Benefits: increased personal power and confidence, mental steadfastness
Chakra Affected: Manipuraka chakra
Affected Body Part: navel
Mantra: RAM
Dosage: 20 minutes
Notes: Matangi mudra, RAM mantra, Manipuraka chakra, fire, strength and determination, can be viewed as one bundled package
Sankalpa
Sankalpa Mudra (aka Sankalp)
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Hand Position: left hand (facing up) rests on the right lap, right hand (facing down) clasps the left hand (concentrate on this area)
Hand Level: resting on the right lap
Benefits: your intentions manifest
Dosage: 20 minutes
Deities: Durga (left hand, power of intention), Lakshmi (right hand, power of the offering), Saraswati (given rise by Durga/Lakshmi, manifestation)
Notes: when the palms are sealed together, energy stored within our body is released together with the intention
Apana
Apana Mudra (aka Apan)
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Finger Position: thumb touches the tip of the ring and middle fingers (concentrate on this point), 2 other fingers are straightened, then relaxed
Hand Level: shoulder level while on chair pose (Utkatasana)
Activated Chakra: Muladhara chakra
Activated Elements: fire, sky, and earth
Bandha: Mula bandha
Benefits: flushes out all toxins that should not be in the body through urination, sweating and defecation. It leaves the body clean and optimized. Great for people who are constipated, and have difficulty urinating.
Affected Body Part: anus, sexual organ and skin - where toxins come out
Notes: perform 15 minutes, 3x/day; frequent urination might occur
Ling
Ling Mudra
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Finger Position: fingers are interlaced together with the thumb of one hand extended and pointed up (concentrate on this point)
Hand Level: shoulder
Activated Elements: fire
Activated Chakra: Manipuraka
Pranayama: Kapalabhati
Alternative Mudra: Mandukasana
Mantra: RAM
Benefits: produces heat in the body, increases metabolic rate, puts passion and fire back into life. Also cures asthma, sinusitis, chronic cold and coughing
Contra Indications: Ling Mudra should only be done when required. Not suitable for everyday practice. Not suitable to people with peptic ulcers
Surya
Surya Mudra
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Finger Position: index finger touches the base of the thumb and thumb touches the back of the index finger (concentrate on this area), 3 other fingers are straightened, then relaxed
Hand Level: shoulder
Activated Elements: fire and earth
Benefits: weight loss, treats thyroid disorder, peace of mind
Notes: this is a typical example of the same fingers when done differently produce the opposite effect. In prithvi, the benefit is weight gain. In surya, the benefit is weight loss, but both mudras use the ring and thumb fingers
Apan Vayu
Apan Vayu Mudra (aka Hearth, Mruta Sanjeevini)
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Finger Position: index finger touches the base of the thumb, thumb touches the tips of the middle and index fingers, little finger remains upright (concentrate on where the fingers touch each other)
Hand Level: shoulder
Benefits: stops major cardiac arrest, stabilize blood pressure
Dosage: 15 mins, 2x/day
Meditation: Emptiness
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Alone in Total Darkness?
The concept of emptiness conjures an imagery of being alone in complete, absolute and total darkness. Not exactly a very inviting place or state of being. Thankfully, that is not what emptiness means. But let us dispel the myth first. Is emptiness lonely? Loneliness is something...it's a state of being...it's a feeling. Feelings cannot exist within emptiness. Is emptiness being in complete darkness? Complete darkness is a color. Color cannot exist in emptiness.
Emptiness means a few things but they are all saying the same thing.
Emptiness is Impermanence
Emptiness means impermanence. You can identify with your body, but at some point, the body dies. Does it mean your complete existence die too? Or, is there something left when the body dies? This goes true for all our sensory perception - our memories, our feelings, our thoughts, our ego...everything we thought was "I, me mine". They will all come to pass...like everything else. Relationships will come and go. Marriages will peak to an unbridled bliss and end over a toothpaste cap. FIAT money will flourish and be replaced by crypto. Even science says that our universe will end to a great crunch or dissolve in its accelerated expansion. Even at the quantum level...when we look at the building blocks of our reality...there is no solidity...you see elementary particles arising and passing away. Everything is impermanent.
Emptiness means No Objective Reality
Emptiness also means there is no objective reality. Nothing exists independent of anything else. There is only emptiness. Let us take a flower for instance. Yes, you can see its mesmerizing beauty, feel its smooth velvety texture and smell its sweet fragrance. Does that mean that the flower has an objective existence? Does that mean that the flower exists independent of anything else? But without the sun, without the earth, without water...there is no flower. So, a flower, just like everything else, is not objective reality. A flower does not have a separate existense independent of anything and everything around it. Again, it brings us back to emptiness...the emptiness of independent existence.
Emptiness is a Forced Lesson in Life
Emptiness is also understood to be forced lesson in life...but an illusion nonetheless. Therefore it remains empty. In life, we hurdle very difficult situations that can either make or break us. These life situations are unique for all of us. Why? Because we need to learn unique lessons to evolve further. I believe that is the reason why we are here.
No matter how challenging the situation might seem, no matter how real it feels, we can keep the balance of our mind knowing that all this is a test. We can simply observe this difficulty without reaction. We can be aware of this challenge like looking at a chess board. If we are aware and mindful of this difficult situation (mabye you were cheated on by your lover, maybe we were swindled by your best friend, maybe lies were spread about you), mindful of the anger and hate being generated, then instead of reacting in a violent/vengeful fashion, we can choose to remain equanimous and observe the turn of events that led to this situation. We remain calm and equanimous...like that oasis in the eye of the storm. We can then objectively look at how things can be resolved - without the hate and without the anger.
And by resolving this matter with a calm and balanced mind, we gain wisdom instead of acting on revenge. By gaining wisdom, we learn the lesson that we needed to learn from this human experience, allowing us to evolve and continue with our path to self-realization. If we resort to anger and retribution, then we are doomed to be reborn and go through this process again...until we learn the lessons...until we 'get it'. This is our karmic fate. We cannot escape this fate. Therefore, it's a forced life lesson. But once we learn it, the difficult situation is diffused like it never existed. Therefore, when the purpose of this challenge is met, we realize that this test was only to teach us a powerful lesson that we needed to learn. The problem arises, we learn from it, and it dissolves into emptiness.
Objects of Hate and Desire
If we see an object of desire (lots of money, fast cars, big house) or an object of hate (someone who draggeed your name in mud, someone who swindled you), you don't get too affected when you begin to see these things as empty. You don't get attached to these objects of desire, and you don't develop an aversion to these objects of hate.
Feel It
The true nature of our consciousness is emptiness. Don't intellectualize, otherwise it only becomes a concept of abstract philosophy. Feel it. Feel the gratitude for realizing it. Feel the emptiness. Feel that this is all perception...all illusion that allows us to have a human experience.